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Thus in the first step of JICIM, we used P = 10−4 as the probability for markers entering into the model, and P = 2×10−4 as the probability for markers moving out of the model.
where ϵ ^ 2 ij are generalized residuals from the multilevel prenatal care model, and P ^ - 1 is the selection term.
The term LL is the log likelihood of a fitted model and p the number of parameters, which is included to penalize models with higher number of parameters.
where the definition of Amax is the same as that of the erf model, and p is a smoothness factor that controls transition from linear to nonlinear region of PA.
where α is a normalization constant, P et + 1|Xt + 1) is obtained from the sensor model, P Xt + 1|x t ) is the transition model and P(x t |e1 t) is the current state distribution.
where, y i, y ^ i and y ¯ are the observed, estimated and mean values of the dependent variable, n is the total number of observations used to fit the model, and p is the number of model parameters.
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The link between the GSD model and p-systems is given.
The model fitness was verified by the correlation coefficient R2 of the model and p-value for lack of fit, the R2 values were gained 0.85, 0.89 and 0.86 for lamps 8, 15 and 30-W, respectively.
6 [ 27] with the Jones-Taylor-Thornton (JTT) model and P-distance model.
Both poisson correction model and p-distance model were used in the ME method.
2 Analyzed by linear mixed effect model and p-value represents the comparison to the placebo group.
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