There are particular oscillating frequencies at which the system is close to a three-frequency quasiperiodic motion with the spectrum of Lyapunov exponents of type (0,0,0, −, …), elsewhere the system is either in a simple chaotic mode with the spectrum of type (+, 0, 0, −, …) or in a hyperchaotic mode with spectrum of type (+, +, 0, −, …).
In multi-carrier transmission systems, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is always referred to the classical transmission mode with its high spectrum utilization ratio and simple transmission/reception equipment, but fifth generation (5G) requires a transmission system with higher spectrum utilization than OFDM.
The standard quadrupole GCMS was operated in the electron ionization (EI) (70 eV) mode, with 6 full-spectrum (50 650 Da) scans per second.
The standard quadrupole GC-MS was operated in the electron impact (70 eV) ionization mode, with 6 full-spectrum (50 650 Da) scans per second.
The standard quadrupole GC/MS was operated in the EI (70 eV) ionization mode, with 6 full-spectrum (50 650 Da) scans per second.
The standard quadrupole GC-MS was operated in electron impact (70 eV) ionization mode, with 6 full-spectrum (70 650 Da) scans per second.
Briefly, the standard quadrupole GC-MS was operated with splitless injection and analyses were conducted in the electron impact (70 eV) ionization mode, with 6 full-spectrum (50 to 650 Da) scans per second.
All spectra were recorded in the correct spectrum mode with both excitation and emission slits set at 5 nm.
In the case of label-free quantitation using the unfractionated CSF samples (the second and third set of normal CSF and the headache CSF), the LTQ-Orbitrap MS was operated in the data dependent mode with survey full scan spectra (m/z 400 2000) acquired in the orbitrap with resolution of 60,000 at m/z 400 (accumulation target: 1,000,000).
The mass spectrometer was operated in spectrum mode with an integration time of 300 ms on each of the following isotopes: Sb, Sb, Ru (internal standard/control).
