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The low frequency mode is attributed to inductor capacitor (LC) oscillation, while the high frequency mode originates from the plasmonic dipole oscillator, both of which are highly sensitive to the micro-environment change.
The D band is associated with a certain fraction of sp3 carbon atoms obtained due to an amorphization of graphite during the oxidation process, whereas the G mode originates from the in-plane vibration of sp2 carbon atoms[53, 54].
The G band is associated with the double degenerate E2g phonon mode at the Brillouin zone center, while the 2D mode originates from a second-order process, involving two intervalley phonons near the K point, without the presence of any kind of disorder or defect [50].
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The G-band is a tangential mode originating from tangential oscillations of the carbon atoms in the CNTs.
The second and third possible contributing effects to the collective mode originate from the way the clusters of NPs are formed.
The energy of this B2u mode is higher than the lowest dark B2u mode originating from the dark E1u mode of unstressed heptamer, thereby producing an additional feature at a higher energy.
Later analysis indicates that this surface mode originated from the reaction of electromagnetic field and the free electrons oscillation in metal film, and thus it is a kind of SPP mode.
The Raman peak at 104.1 cm−1 belongs to the B3g phonon mode originated from the rigid shear modes of a layer with respect to its neighbors in the c directions.
This complicated helical packing-mode originates from (i) the fact that iPMMA as synthesized is an apparently racemic polymer, and (ii) the fact that two molecular chains form a robust and rod-like 101 double-stranded helix.
The large intermodal spacing caused by the suppression of tens of adjacent cavity modes originates from a parametric contribution to the gain due to temporal modulations of population inversion in the laser8,9.
Here, "F" designates that the modes originate from the "First" dielectric band, and the numbers 0, 1, and 2 represent the number of nodes along the x-axis.
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