Methods to assess therapy response by different imaging modalities were explored by CT[, 23 25], PET, PET+CT[, 11 13,, 28 30] and MRI.
Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) techniques, and combinations thereof, are the primary high resolution volumetric reflectance-based optical imaging modalities being explored for early cancer detection in epithelial tissues.
Therapeutic options at present are limited but promising new modalities are being explored.
A number of bioprinting modalities have been explored, including inkjet printing, extrusion-based technologies, and laser-induced forward transfer.
Other modalities have been explored to assess the effect on bone density enhancement and ultimately fracture prevention.
Nevertheless, several well known clinical and pathological factors define a profile of lower risk for local relapse in which more conservative radiotherapy modalities are being explored.
Various modalities have been explored, ranging from the immunostimulation of non-specific cytokine to the development of highly specific genetically engineered T cells.
Current treatment options for malignant gliomas, including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, are of limited effectiveness, and novel therapeutic modalities must be explored.
After decades of unsatisfactory treatments for advanced melanoma, in the last five years, new treatment modalities have been explored that dramatically change the current clinic scenario.
On the one hand, compared to non-pharmacological modalities such as exercise, weight loss or education, glucosamine is not effective with regards to pain and function, but the question of its cost compared to nonpharmacological modalities should be explored.
