MDCT is a reliable modality for visualizing epicardial fat, and should be considered prior to undergoing procedures that are affected by epicardial fat content, especially in elderly and female populations.
FDG PET/CT is a useful noninvasive imaging modality for visualizing metabolic changes within adipocytes.
In recent years, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become a common non-invasive imaging modality for visualizing retinal structures in detail.
MR imaging is the best radiologic modality for visualizing the effect of the lesion on surrounding structures and evaluating the hyaline cartilage cap.
Although invasive catheter angiography is still considered the standard of reference for the diagnosis of bypass graft stenosis and occlusion, coronary CTA is a valuable alternative modality for visualizing bypass grafts [44].
CE is an excellent modality for visualizing the small bowel mucosa, but is limited in evaluating this proximal region because of rapid capsule transit, bile and/or bubble artefacts, and relatively poor luminal distension.
Among them, PET-based and, to a lesser extent, MRI-based technologies are promising modalities which have opened up new avenues for visualizing and understanding the biological changes occurring in patients that do not respond to hormonal and radiation treatment.
This graphic representation allows for visualizing the grouped (ie, associated) modalities and helps in the interpretation of dimensions (see figure S1 and its interpretation in the Results section).
During the past decade, numerous radiolabeled EGFR-targeted agents, namely antibodies and TKIs, have been investigated as probes for visualizing and quantifying EGFR expression in tumors using nuclear imaging modalities, such as single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and PET [16-29].
High-resolution neuroimaging such as 3-dimensional volumetric imaging and the 3-tesla unit might become routinely available for visualizing lesions that used to be undetectable with older imaging modalities [ 24, 25].
