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Exact(6)
In any event, the modal predicate is future-projecting.
The modal predicate is always future-projecting, although the prospective event is located in the past.
In both the deontic and the epistemic reading of 必 bì, the modal predicate is predominantly future-projecting.
The subject of the modal predicate is a third person [+/−HUMAN] subject which renders a deontic interpretation less likely.54.54
In example 19a, the event preceding the modal predicate is marked as completed by the aspectual adverb 已 yǐ; in 19b, the event is located in the past by the adverbial 先 xiān 'earlier' in the complement of 當 dāng.
The modal predicate is future-projecting and the complement of 當 dāng refers to a resultant state and to the process leading up to it, i.e. it is [+TELIC].
Similar(54)
What is crucial to making sense of contingent identity is an acceptance that modal predicates are inconstant in denotation (that is, stand for different properties when attached to different singular terms or different quantifying expressions).
The upshot seems to be that that the advocate of the standard account of identity must maintain either that constitution is not identity or that modal predicates are Abelardian.
In order to neutralize the passivization effect, the insertion of 以 yǐ is required as in the examples in 13 from LAC and Han Chinese, respectively.40 The modal predicates are usually either future-projecting41 or generic as in example 13a.
Warmbrod's approach is to paraphrase modal claims into first-order claims about relations between possible worlds, while Harman's is to introduce a non-logical predicate "is necessary" and a logical operator that forms names of propositions.
In example 17b, the reference time is located in the past and precedes the speech time, and two different times are involved in the modal predicate.49 Nevertheless, the modal is still future-projecting.50.50
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