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Of special concern was the occurrence and mobility of trace elements within the solid phases.
The understanding of parameters controlling mobility of trace contaminants is a key topic in a world where groundwater resources for water supply are strongly exploited and consequently greater exposed to contamination risks.
A pot experiment with homogenised soil/compost investigated distribution and mobility of trace elements, two years after application of greenwaste compost mulch to shallow soils overlying a former alkali-works contaminated with Pb, Cu and As (∼900, 200 and 500 mg kg−1, respectively).
This has important ramifications for seasonal changes in the bioavailability and mobility of trace elements.
The mobility of trace elements ultimately depends upon the changes of in situ conditions occurring at the replacement site.
We first discuss the mobility of trace elements examined as related to their "operationally defined solid-phase speciation".
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The results also suggest that the mobility of the trace elements decrease in the following order: B, Cu > Cd, Zn, Pb, Cr > Ba > Ni > As.
The addition of P-rich soil amendments reduces the mobility of various trace elements and corresponding accumulation in plant tissue (Cao et al. 2002; Brown et al. 2004, 2005; Kumpiene et al. 2008; Cao et al. 2009).
Then, we employ the well-accepted notion of mobility trace of an individual as a set of stops and moves [5, 28].
Table 1 Relative mobility and availability of trace metals (Violante et al. 2010) Fractions Metal species and association Mobility F1 and F2 Exchangeable (dissolved) cations and carbonate bound High.
The objectives of the study were to: (i) determine micro-, mandoelements and heavy metals in soil, canes and vine leaves, grape juice (must) and wines (young wines - after fermentation); (ii) reveal mobility and bioavailability of trace metals in system soil-grapevine-wine; and (iii) compare obtained data with previous studies.
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