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The tissue glucose metabolic rate was increased almost three-fold in brain, accounting for the ability of lipid mobilising factor to decrease blood glucose levels.
There was a significant increase in [C] lipid accumulation in plasma, liver and white and brown adipose tissue after administration of lipid mobilising factor.
In order to explore whether adipose tissue-derived cytokines and lipid mobilising factor are involved in MAC16-induced lipoatrophy, gene expression of TNF α, IL-6 and zinc- α2-glycoprotein (ZAG) known as a lipid-mobilising factor, in white fat was determined in tumour-bearing and freely fed animals.
These results suggest that changes in carbohydrate metabolism and loss of adipose tissue, together with an increased whole body fatty acid oxidation in cachectic cancer patients, may arise from tumour production of lipid mobilising factor.
Treatment of ex-breeder male NMRI mice with lipid mobilising factor isolated from the urine of cachectic cancer patients, caused a significant increase in glucose oxidation to CO2, compared with control mice receiving phosphate buffered saline.
Lipid mobilising factor also increased overall lipid oxidation, as determined by the production of CO2 from [C carboxy] triolein, being 67% greater than phosphate buffered saline controls over a 24 h period.
Similar(52)
The potential mediators of lipoatrophy in cachexia are generally considered to be proinflammatory cytokines and lipid mobilising factors.
A number of studies have shown that such tumours elaborate lipid mobilising factors, which increase lipolysis in adipose tissue through the normal cyclic AMP-mediated pathway.
Lipid-mobilising factor is produced only by cachexia-inducing tumours and is immunologically identical to ZAG.
Lipid-mobilising factor was shown to be homologous to the plasma protein zinc- α2-glycoprotein (ZAG) (Todorov et al, 1998).
This is initiated by lipid-mobilising factor (LMF), and the tumour and host factor zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG) that are overexpressed in cachectic patients (Russell and Tisdale, 2005).
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