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The organelles were resuspended in 10 mM of malate, 1 mM of Mg2Cl, 50 µM of ATP, 40 mM of β-Glicerophosphate, 1 mM of DTT.
Oxygen uptake was measured at 220 µM of O2 in a standard polarograph (IQUIFYB-MADEIC, Buenos Aires, Argentina) in sliced muscle with Robinson buffer or in isolated mitochondria with MSHE buffer with 6 mM of malate plus 6 mM of glutamate, with or without 0.2 mM of ADP, 0.3 mM of L-arginine or 3 mM of L-NMMA.
Freshly isolated mitochondria were incubated with the appropriate substrates and ADP and the rate of H2O2 production was measured with Amplex red as follows: aliquots of 96 μl incubation medium containing 4 mM ADP, 10 mM of pyruvate, 10 mM of malate and 10 U of Cu/ZnSOD (from bovine erythrocytes) were added to the wells of a black microtitre plate.
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The following substrates were tested as electron donors in the presence of 10 mM sulfate: 10 mM each of pyruvate, fumarate, butyrate, formate, propanol, ethanol, methanol, serine and cysteine; 5 mM each of malate, glycolate and glycerol; 2.5 mM of benzoate; and 0.5% (w/v) of casamino acids.
The oxygraph cuvette contained one bundle of permeabilized muscles (around 12 mg) in 1 ml of solution B with Ap5A (di(Adenosine-5') pentaphosphate) 50 μM, iodoacetate 10 mM, EDTA 0.2 mM and the respiratory substrates (pyruvate 10 mM in the presence of malate 10 mM).
The enzymic activity was determined at 30 °C in a 1 mL reaction mixture containing 0.1 M Tris-HCl (pH 7.8), 6 mM MgCl2, 1 mM ATP, 20 mM NaHCO3, 10 mM pyruvate, 0.25 mM acetyl CoA, 0.22 mM NADH, and 5 units of malate dehydrogenase.
Complex I activity was assayed in MiR05 respiration buffer in the presence of 2 mM malate, 10 mM glutamate and 5 10 mM ADP.
For coupled (state 3) assays, complex I activity was assayed in MiR05 respiration buffer in the presence of 2 mM malate, 10 mM glutamate and 5 mM ADP.
Protocol 1 (see Fig. 1): analysis of global mitochondrial functional indices on homogenates was performed by serial addition of malate (2.5 mM) + glutamate (15 mM), ADP (1 mM), cyt c (10 μM), succinate (10 mM), oligomycin (1 μM), FCCP (0.7 μM), and antimycin A (4 μM).
We used serial additions (final concentrations in respirometry chamber) of malate (2.5 mM) and glutamate (15 mM); ADP (1 mM); cytochrome c (10 μM) rotenone (3 μM), succinate (10 mM), malonate (5 mM), glycerol-3-phosphate (5 mM), antimycin A (4 μM), ascorbic acid (10 mM) and tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPD, 200 μM) and KCN (1 mM).
The assays were performed at 30 °C in 1 mL reaction mixtures containing 0.1 M Tris-HCl (pH 7.8), 20 mM NaHCO3, 6 mM MgCl2, 1 mM MgATP, 0.2 mM NADH, 10 mM sodium pyruvate, and 5 units of malate dehydrogenase.
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