Are particular mixtures of antimicrobial drugs, metals, and pollutants particularly concerning?
This can be exemplified by the synthesis of kutznerides, a mixture of nine antimicrobial cyclic hexadepsipeptides containing 2- 1-methylcyclopropyl -d-glycine (MecPGly), isolated from the soil actinomycete Kutzneria sp. 744 (Fujimori et al. 2- 1-methylcyclopropyl -d-glycine
Asukamycin, a mixture of related antimicrobial and potential antitumor compounds isolated from Streptomyces nodosus subsp. asukaensis, is built from two triene chains with unusual starter units assembled by type II and III PKSs (Rui et al. 2010).
NETs are released from activated neutrophils and comprise a mixture of granule proteins, antimicrobial peptides and nuclear constituents such as chromatin and histones that combine to form extracellular fibers capable of trapping and killing bacteria (Brinkmann et al., 2004).
This work was aimed to design and characterize an oleic acid nanoemulsion (OAN), as part of starch-based edible coating (EC) suspensions, incorporated with a mixture of three natural antimicrobials: lactic acid (ALA), nisin (NIS), and lauric arginate (LAE).
MIC of antimicrobial mixtures were evaluated by Berembaum design and check board method.
In addition, Soni et al. (2012) [ 49] illustrated that the mixture of MCFAs enhanced the antimicrobial activity and methane formation suppression in ruminants effectively.
In BV, LB are replaced by a mixture of anaerobic bacteria and antimicrobials with activity against anaerobes, such as metronidazole and clindamycin, are the mainstay of treatment.
From a mixture design of experiments the optimum combination of antimicrobial agents was 3.75 μg/mL NIS, 0.0625 mg/mL LAE, and 17.5 mg/mL ALA, which incorporated into EC suspensions produced similar antimicrobial effect.
Naturally produced glycolipids and lipopeptides are found as a mixture of congeners, which increases their antimicrobial potency.
