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Based on these concentration-response data, mixture effects were predicted by applying the model of concentration addition.
For the EC1, EC50 and equimolar ratio, prediction errors from the IFCA IA model at the 50% experimental mixture effects were 0.3%, 6%and0.6%6%, respectively; while for the TSP model, the corresponding errors were 2.8%, 19 % and 24, respectively.
For all end points, the observed mixture effects were stronger than the responses attributable to any one single mixture component.
The mixtures were tested using a fixed-ratio design, and the resulting mixture effects were compared to the predictions.
Mixture effects were predicted with the two models for CA and IA that we previously adapted to the use of threshold concentration response relationships (Ermler et al. 2013).
However, the PE of 10 pM E2 was used to calculate the RPE of those experiments where mixture effects were studied because this concentration induce one-half of the maximum response.
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Particularly, it allows to focus attention and efforts on those cases for which mixture effects are of potential concern, and it initially uses only the available toxicity information of the individual components for this purpose.
These, and similar, mixture effects are thought to derive from mixture interactions in odor coding.
The intention of using assessment factors for mixture effects was abandoned thirty years ago.
The following two articles on mixture effects are laboratory-based studies.
The successful comparison of observed and predicted mixture effects was dependent upon the quality of these data.
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