Open image in new window Fig. 3 Effect of surfactant concentration on the emulsion stability of different oil water contents (30 °C, 1,000 rpm mixing speed, 30 min mixing time).
Open image in new window Fig. 4 Effect of water content on the emulsion apparent viscosity of Omani heavy crude oil (30 °C, 3 wt% surfactant concentration, 1,000 rpm mixing speed, 30 min mixing time).
Open image in new window Fig. 5 Effect of water content at different shear rates on the viscosity reduction of Omani heavy crude oil emulsion (30 °C, 3 wt% surfactant concentration, 1,000 rpm mixing speed, 30 min mixing time).
Increasing mixing speed, beat until dough is shiny and elastic, about 5 minutes.
The kLa values increased with mixing speed for both gases.
The adsorption capacity decreased with decreasing both initial pH and mixing speed.
Color is reduced up to 90 % with alum at pH 7 at both mixing speed whereas chitin reduced more than 92 % at the same pH at both mixing speed at all doses.
Alkalinity was also removed adequately at the higher mixing speed at pH 6 (80%%), by sago at lower concentrations, whereas decrease in alkalinity is 80 % with alum at only 0.20 doses at pH 7 at mixing speed 80 and 20 and at pH 8 with both mixing speed.
kLa values for all gas/liquid systems studied increased with mixing speed.
On the other hand, increasing cobalt loading, mixing speed and space velocity shift the products towards heavier compounds.
