Other secondary variables were analyzed in the PPS using the same mixed model as specified for the primary analysis, with the respective baseline values replacing baseline FEV1 as covariates.
All available MMSE scores were taken into account, and all mixed models were specified with a random intercept and/or slope based on –2 Log Likelihood criteria [ 45].
BI analyses were conducted using mixed models specified to each data partition.
Utilizing a cross-sectional multilevel design of 201,221 adults nested within 50 US states we calibrated two-level binomial hierarchical mixed models (with states specified as a random effect).
Five random-intercept linear mixed models were specified to determine whether change from baseline in each outcome was associated with change from baseline among the other outcomes, using approaches that completely partition between- and within-participant effects (31, 32).
Stable transfectants were selected with hygromycin B. Unless specified, mixed populations of transfected cells were used.
We also used likelihood ratio tests to choose between ordinary logistic regression and mixed effects logistic regression with hospitals specified as random clustering units.
A stock solution of filter sterilized potassium Phi (pH 5.7, adjusted with KOH) was freshly prepared from phosphorous acid (Aldrich Chemicals) and mixed with sterilized medium to give the specified Phi concentration.
Ion exchange resins, centrifuged at 4°C to remove free water, were mixed with crude protein extracts adjusted to specified concentrations, for a volume ratio of crude extract to ion exchange resin of 5 1.
The resulting supernatants were pre-cleared with 50 μl of protein A/G bead slurry (Santa Cruz Biotechnology), mixed with 10 μl of various antibodies as specified and incubated for 1 h at 4 °C with rocking.
For Q-PCR analyses, aliquots of 500 μl were removed at specified times and immediately mixed with 1 ml RNAProtect (Qiagen, Valencia, CA) and frozen at -70°C for later RNA preparation.
