Sentence examples for mixed ploidy systems from inspiring English sources

Calls of diploid LR males varied, depending on whether these males mated with one or both of the parental species (diploid systems) or triploid hybrids (mixed ploidy systems).

For both variables, mean values of LR calls from diploid systems were less similar to P. lessonae than those from mixed ploidy systems.

The test results show a highly significant difference between diploid and mixed ploidy systems when combining all call characteristics for LR hybrids (All variables combined: Hotelling's T5,31 = 189.05, P = 0.0001).

For a direct comparison of genetic diversity between diploid and mixed ploidy systems we used gene diversity corrected for sample size (Nei 1978) for the L genome (HeL) and R genome (HeR), respectively.

For ease of expression, we will refer to the populations described under a) as "diploid systems" (only haploid gametes and diploid hybrids are produced), and to the populations described under b) as "mixed ploidy systems" (due to the occurrence of diploid gametes, both diploid and polyploid hybrids can be produced).

This difference in selective processes suggests that in LR frogs, that exclude the L genome, the R genome may exert a slightly stronger effect on call parameters, with the result that PPPGR and IPGRIP of LR hybrids are slightly higher (and thus more P. ridibundus like) than in mixed ploidy systems, although overall they are still more similar to the P. lessonae pattern.

In mixed-ploidy systems this was especially true for LRR males which were extremely rare in most populations, with the exception of Döbern (Table  1).

2. Breeding system hypothesis: As hybrid females in diploid breeding systems must choose partners of a parental species for successful reproduction, whereas those in all-hybrid breeding systems with mixed ploidy should not have a preference, we expect different selections pressures on male advertisement calls.

Mean gene diversity in the L genome (HeL) was higher in diploid systems than in mixed ploidy ones (T2,9 = 3.21, P = 0.01), but the two systems did not differ in gene diversity in the R genome (HeR; T2,9 = -0.30, P = 0.77).

Compared to mixed ploidy populations, LR hybrids from diploid systems showed higher genetic diversity in the L genome and were less similar to P. lessonae in two highly discriminative call parameters (PPPGR and IPGRIP).

Triploid harvest weight was 29.6% lower under mixed ploidy rearing than their isolated triploid siblings.