Civil liberties erode and mistrust increases when the authorities keep warning of lurking terrorists and urging people to report "suspicious" activity, as in the ubiquitous advertisements in the New York subways exhorting people to call in tips to a counterterrorism hot line.
Many Israelis still feel this way: indeed, their mistrust has increased since the years of intifada and the rise of Hamas and a militant Iran, which both say they seek Israel's destruction.
These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the slave trade generated a culture of mistrust that increased the incentive to distinguish insiders from outsiders, with implications for the shaping of immigration policies in contemporary Africa.
As one exasperated Eurocrat put it: "The Italians are delaying one anti-fraud measure because they have been caught out under another".These problems of mutual mistrust will increase if the EU's plans for much deeper judicial and criminal integration proceed apace.
The population has lost trust in the government and its security forces, and the mutual mistrust breeds increasing reliance upon sectarian militias for protection.
"Since it was misinterpreted, the reaction was disappointing, and in fact only heightened tension and increased mistrust".
But as the economic and political stakes grew and world leaders such as Barack Obama and Gordon Brown became involved, so the fundamental differences and mistrust between countries increased.
But care must be taken to avoid a situation where the interaction between agencies and the public becomes confrontational and counterproductive, resulting only in increased mistrust and defensiveness.
Reports of Iranian weapons moving into Helmand and Herat Provinces have alarmed the local government here and increased mistrust of Ismail Khan, an ethnic Tajik warlord who is the governor of Herat and has nominal control of five northwestern provinces under an unofficial system that divides the country into five military zones.
Law was not entirely to blame, Mackay wrote: "He did not count on the avaricious frenzy of a whole nation; he did not see that confidence, like mistrust, could be increased almost ad infinitum and that hope was as extravagant as fear".
