Essentially, MI is a means for representing uncertainty in missing data, by producing a distribution of plausible values for a missing variable in a record, given the values of that record's non-missing covariates.
Addendum: My colleague Michael Cieply, who covers the entertainment industry, writes with this smart point: A missing variable that would considerably distort the results is marketing expense.
Although you are certainly right when you playfully suggest that more research is needed, the missing variable is obvious enough: the political environment in which the research subjects find themselves at the time the research is conducted.
The missing variable was the relative competitiveness of the individual departments.
Apart from one missing variable, all emergency departments except one were open 24 h.
In developing the model, we considered only the 667 complete gas condensate samples in our database (no missing variable values).
After an unknown fault is detected, the process variables most contributing to the fault can be identified through missing variable analysis.
The mixed results of prior studies, both supporting and refuting an association between sleep duration and weight, may have been subject to missing variable bias.
As each person's individual proficiency θ n is considered to be a latent construct, θ is an inherently unobserved (i.e., missing) variable.
This algorithm maximizes the complete-data likelihood after augmenting the data for the missing variable W it during the expectation step.
Hence, the positive correlation between academic or occupational diversity and entrepreneurship is not causal but a reflection of a common missing variable that affects all choices in the same direction.
