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Missing values led to exclusion of the patient in the analyses concerned.
The review found that errors in the normalization of author, reviewer and institution names and missing values led to down-stream errors in automated gender assignment and in the assignment of university rankings.
eThe EVS 2011 included 47 countries with 67,786 participants, but applying listwise deletion of missing values led to a reduced number of participants, and to the exclusion of Northern Cyprus, Northern Ireland, and Turkey.
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In turn, missing values lead to uncertainty about the prevalence of conditions and behavior surrounding accidents as researchers are unable to establish from the records whether, for example, a road was dry, wet, or covered by snow.
Those patients with missing data had a better prognosis, so exclusion of the patients with missing values would lead to an underestimate of the true survival of the cohort.
However, multiple imputation of missing stage values led to stage-specific numbers of cases of T-stage for malignant melanoma as well as T- and UICC-stage for breast cancer close to the observed numbers of cases.
Keeping only observations for which no missing values were present led to a reduction in the number of observations from 1736 to 659.
Missing values will not lead to bias when the MMRM is applied if data is missing at random which is not a very rigorous condition.
It was assumed that analyzing data that contained large amounts of missing values would result in findings that could not be generalized and lead to substantial overestimated values.
Does either SMI or MMI of missing values on background variables lead to unbiased estimates of subpopulation proficiency means, the mean subpopulation proficiency difference, and regression coefficients of proficiency on background variables?
Does either SMI or MMI of missing values on background variables lead to unbiased estimates of standard errors of subpopulation proficiency means, the mean subpopulation proficiency difference, and regression coefficients?
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