Sentence examples for missing studies were from inspiring English sources

No missing studies were imputed in the contour enhanced funnel plots (see fig B, appendix 2).

No missing studies were imputed in the contour enhanced funnel plot (see fig A, appendix 2).

As expected, the strength of association was attenuated with the trim and fill method, and three missing studies were imputed (Table 2).

The contour-enhanced funnel plot was asymmetric but the perceived missing studies were in areas of high statistical significance, making publication bias a less likely cause of funnel asymmetry (Fig.  4).

Using the trim and fill method of Duvall and Tweedie, 11 missing studies were required in the left side of the funnel plot in order to make the plot symmetric.

Adjusted mortality including one imputable missing study was 39.3% (CI 95% = 33.1 45.9).

One imputable missing study was found using Duval and Tweedie's Trim and Fill method on the right side of the funnel plot (Fig. 2).

Furthermore, we examined 768 full papers and included 177 articles, so any missed studies are likely to have a negligible effect.

When data on standard deviations were missing, study authors were contacted to provide missing data [ 18] or it was calculated using the standard error of subgroups or confidence intervals [ 19- 21].

In the event that salient data (such as standard deviations) were missing, study authors were contacted.

Missing study data were removed from analyses using pairwise methods in all analyses.