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NN fills missing samples using the value of its nearest known neighbor.
Since the received signal samples in time domain are correlated, we estimate the missing samples using the EM technique.
Excluding the dimensions associated with the smaller eigenvalues (noise), the SSA reconstructs the missing samples using the eigenvectors of the SVD as a basis.
Multi-variable imputation techniques calculate missing samples using data of more than one variable, exploiting relationships between different variables that manifest themselves in the data [e.g., NO2 versus O3 presence (Lee et al. 2002; Haagen-Smit et al. 1953)].
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Since the received signal samples are correlated in the time domain, we estimate the missing samples by using the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm.
The selected SNPs were analyzed using TaqMan OpenArray® technology (Life Technologies); however, in case of low call rate, missing samples were reanalyzed separately using the Viia7 RealTime PCR system (Life Technologies).
The missing samples are estimated by using the expectation-maximization algorithm.
A simulation and implementation study, which has been carried out on a set of hard disk drives, demonstrates that the proposed control synthesis algorithm is able to handle missing samples and can be used to achieve the robust performance of a desired error rejection function for disturbance attenuation.
After taking the mean values of the technical replicates for all remaining features, we then created separate files by tissue type and, within each file, eliminated any features with more than 10% missing samples, imputing the remaining missing values using the emArray method in the LSimpute package (Bo et al., 2004).
Previous data imputation studies (Junninen et al. 2004; Plaia and Bondi 2006; Schneider 2001) used shorter time series with gaps of missing samples in the original data.
These holes (missing samples) or incorrect values (bad samples) might be problematic for any algorithm that uses the data for analysis.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com