The counter-argument is that other preponderate problems (e.g. incomplete registration, missing reference population data) might exist, even if other data sources did not have this problem.
Imputation methods designed for GBS are implemented to incorporate parental data into phasing and, when necessary, impute missing parental genotypes from population data.
In this population, data was missing on 20% of fathers and only fathers' current work status was assessed.
For example, the space-time permutation model, which uses only case data, is advantageous when population data are missing or difficult to obtain/sample.
Both of these studies from the 1960s used objective methods to estimate CRF but were relatively small and, apart from reports in specific occupational groupings as for example sugarcane cutters in Tanzania (Davies and Van Haaren, 1973), more recent population data are missing.
Prior to study analyses, a comparison of the study population missing specific data elements versus those not missing each element was conducted, and analyses of patients with missing versus non-missing data showed no systematic differences.
Both methods assume homogenous mixing in the population, no missing data (clearly violated with the data from the Maryland communities), that a primary case experiences symptom onset prior to any cases that it infects and a completely closed system where all cases are infected by a case that has been observed.
All observations from HK105 were excluded from this analysis due to high prevalence of missing data at population size of 1. > -wrap-foot> We propagated 120 sets of laboratory nematode populations for this study involving four experimental population sizes (N = 1, 10, 100, and 1,000) and six C. briggsae natural strains (fig. 1 and table 1), all known to harbor ΔmtDNA-C at different levels.
In order to include all patients from the intent-to-treat population, missing data for the primary parameter of time to a TOF ratio of 0.9 were imputed.
When measuring HRQoL in the general population, missing and inconsistent data are frequent, especially in elderly, educationally and socio-economically deprived, foreign and isolated groups.
