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These missing values did not affect the sample's description, since no significant differences were found between the complete data set and the missing data sample concerning age, gender, height and weight.
Missing data: Sample population 4 records with no deprivation data, 1 record with no maternal age; screened population 18 records with no maternal age, 787 (3.7%) with no deprivation data, 746 with no self reported smoking data (that is, not linked records); West of Scotland 38 with no region data; Scottish data 163 with no deprivation data.
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In general, the spatiotemporally smoothed plume will be less biased by missing sampling rounds or missing data within sample rounds (Cressie and Wikle 2011).
With a 10% allowance for missing data, a sample size of 96 was obtained for this study.
Due to missing data, the sample used in all analyses comprises 2872 cases.
Note: Because of missing data, the sample sizes for the indicators differ slightly.
Furthermore, owing to missing data, the sample sizes for some of the variables were somewhat small.
After cleaning and eliminating health centres with missing data, the sample size came to 89.
Due to inconsistencies and missing data, the sample size used for analysis was n = 291.
After excluding observations with missing data, our sample size was 1,631 individuals.
To examine the implications of missing data and sample attrition for study conclusions, a series of additional analyses were undertaken.
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