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Exact(5)
Additionally, SNPs with a MAF <0.05 were excluded if the study-wise missing data proportion exceeded 0.01.
Briefly, SNPs were excluded based on deviation from Hardy Weinberg equilibrium (p < 5.7 × 10−7) or if the study-wise missing data proportion was >0.05.
Imputation results were filtered by minor allele frequency (MAF) of the markers (SNPs with MAFs<5% were excluded, since the procedure generates genotypes for a high number of rare variants that could give spurious association results), by missing data proportion (set to a 5% max), and the frequentist-add-proper-info column of the output.
Hence, we recommend using MMI instead of SMI if the missing data proportion is substantial and if researchers are interested not only in unbiased estimates (e.g., for purely descriptive purposes) but also in unbiased standard errors of these estimates (e.g., for significance testing).
Additionally, the HC-AD, HC-MCI, and MCI-AD datasets yielded 655, 652, and 799 features, respectively, after excluding those with a high missing data proportion.
Similar(55)
Among those papers that provided information on missing data, the proportion of covariate data missing at any follow-up wave ranged from 2%to65%5%.
When there are few patients with missing measurements and the frequency of missing data or proportion of patients with missing data is comparable across treatment groups, most approaches will yield similar results.
Item 14 was excluded from the analysis as participants found it hard to answer and as a consequence there were large amounts of missing data (What proportion of suicides do you consider preventable?).
It is possible that the levels of missing data or proportions of outlying datapoints in these studies are responsible for this difference from simulated results, which draw on complete data sets that collectively offer a full range of distributions.
Adherence to screening had no missing data, while the proportion of missing data for adherence to statin was highest (10%).
Missing data elements and proportion imputed are presented in Figure 1.
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