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Under NMAR, inferences derived from conventional approaches are not valid, and what is required is a substantive model of interest that incorporates a model of the missing data process.
We apply the method to a joint Poisson binary model for ranking sporting teams, and discuss the estimation of a correlated random effects model designed to evaluate the sensitivity of value-added models for teacher evaluation to assumptions about the missing data process.
Second, the missing data process has to be examined.
If the mechanisms that control the missing data process are unrelated to Y and if the data are MAR, then the missing data process is considered 'Ignorable'; if not, it is 'Non-Ignorable' (ie, not MAR).
In addition, we performed an analysis with an alternative assumption about the missing data process, namely, that there is no misclassification of stages for patients without surgery.
However, under this missing data process, we would need to marginalize (sum over) all possible complete sequences of all possible lengths.
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Ten criteria for feasibility success are established before the trial, assigned to resources (missing data), processes (drop-out of nurses and residents) and science (minimum effects) criteria.
We exploited the French 2003 Decennial Health Survey to investigate diverse socio-demographic, health status and QoL variables as potential predictors of item missingness in the SF-36 questionnaire; we also used the classification proposed by Little and Rubin to characterize missing data processes operating during administration of this questionnaire.
Because search space in artificial neural networks (ANNs) is high dimensional and multimodal which is usually polluted by noises and missing data, the process of weight training is a complex continuous optimization problem.
To ensure data quality and to avoid missing data or processes which are not adherent with the study protocol, clinical research associates visit study sites for clinical monitoring.
For any papers with uncertainty or ambiguity in the information regarding missing data or imputation process, the information was extracted by another researcher (JAS; ~25% of articles), and if required, any discrepancies resolved with a third researcher (KJL).
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