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The inclusion of a missing category was necessary to avoid excluding many problem drinkers whose spouses did not participate.
Due to a larger number of missing LICO values (8.0%), a missing category was included for this variable.
A missing category was created in the multivariate analysis to keep all cases in the analysis (though results for missing category are not shown).
For each confounding variable for which some respondents' data were missing, a missing category was included in all analyses to maintain as large a sample as possible, and the missing category was compared with the reference category in the same way the other categories were compared with the reference category.
For categorical and continuous variables with less than 2% missing data, a missing category was created, and the event rate was compared with and pooled into the most appropriate reference group.
A "Missing" category was created for BMD with missing data.
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The increased risk of placental abruption among the "paternal age only missing" category is partly explained by increased risks among whites aged 20 29 years, and among blacks aged ≥30 years.
Estimates for missing categories are not reported.
For individuals missing data on continuous covariates, values were imputed from sample means; missing categories were created for categorical variables with missing data.
There was less than 0.5% missing data in demographic variables and 10% in income quintiles; missing categories were excluded from the regression analyses.
In an effort to make full use of the available information, missing categories were introduced for candidate predictors with more than 5% missing values.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com