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A subsample of 496 provided valid data to compute baseline PORPUS-P (33 had more than two missing answers, thus no PORPUS-P score could be computed).
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The 24-item instrument showed good practicality, with no floor or ceiling effect; conversely, almost one quarter of participants had at least one missing answer, thus precluding the calculation of the overall score.
What were left were contradicting claims and missing answers.
However, in this paper, we show several problems of the LCA-based approaches, including meaningless answers, incomplete answers, duplicated answers, missing answers, and schema-dependent answers.
**Two missing answers.
Missing answers not shown.
Questionnaires with missing answers were excluded.
c n = 196 due to missing answers.
b n = 235 due to missing answers.
Items with missing answers were eliminated from the item statistics.
Only item 4 had 14.8% of missing answers.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com