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The case study above removed participants with missing answers, resulting in a set of 430 participants.
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However, simulations based on the percentage of discrepancies and missing answers resulted in only a slight decrease in the relative risks towards the null across response wave.
One missing answer (scored 0) was allowed, but more than one missing answer resulted in the exclusion of a participant's data from the present study.
The regression analyses showed the same results, independent of whether the individuals with missing answers were included in the analyses.
The high rate of missing answers in Perceptions of hospital management and Perceptions of unit Management (7 11 %) was similar to the results of other studies using the SAQ in European countries [ 29].
What were left were contradicting claims and missing answers.
However, in this paper, we show several problems of the LCA-based approaches, including meaningless answers, incomplete answers, duplicated answers, missing answers, and schema-dependent answers.
**Two missing answers.
Missing answers not shown.
Questionnaires with missing answers were excluded.
c n = 196 due to missing answers.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com