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Odds ratio is a misleading outcome measure in studies with high prevalence in the unexposed group, like in this study.
We report a misleading outcome of colonic transit time (CTT) assessment in an adolescent girl with functional constipation.
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The use of an adjusted odds ratio to estimate an adjusted relative risk or prevalence ratio is appropriate for studies of rare outcome but may be misleading when the outcome is common.
Using intermediate outcomes can also be misleading if these outcomes do not sufficiently discriminate between different treatment responses or are not robustly associated with true health effects in the patient [ 24].
Caution needs to be exercised about straightforward comparison of these results, which might be misleading because the outcome of VS strongly depends on the datasets and molecular descriptors used.
Furthermore, when asked to evaluate an assertion in a situation of blameless mistake, where the speaker had every reason to expect the evidence not to be misleading (Experiment 5), the outcome was also not straightforward.
This questionnaire, in order to not be misleading in the desired outcome, was now called the Patient-Tennis Elbow Evaluation.
To the Editor: Arizona's decision to stop financing some lifesaving transplants was short-sighted and based on misleading data on transplant outcomes.
Both attacks are manifested through rogue signals but can only be distinguished by the attack's outcome, such as misleading the trust model (via RSF attack) or the FC (via PUE attack).
This result should be expected; miscategorization of dose – and in particular combining categories with dissimilar outcome risks – yields misleading dose-response patterns.
Given the complexity of human diets, the correlation and effect modification of intake of some nutrients, and the many nutrient-to-nutrient interactions, conclusions about the effect of consumption of a single nutrient, food group, or dietary constituent on a specific health outcome may be misleading.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com