Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigExact(3)
An advantage with the CCQ instrument is that it was originally developed in Sweden, and the disadvantages associated with translating, such as misinterpretation of questions, are avoided.
Self-reporting can lead to inaccurate reporting due to lack of awareness, misinterpretation of questions, or concern for judgement and affect our study conclusions.
Two researchers (EP and HM) examined extreme scores on the variable frequency, because due to misinterpretation of questions 2, 3, 5 and 6 (Additional file 1: Table S3) some participants had multiplied the answers to questions 1 or 4 by the average number of minutes.
Similar(57)
This finding is in part explained by the misinterpretation of question 3 (Fig. 2), where many women got the answer correct in the first instance and then incorrect in the post-test.
First, despite double translation by Chinese medical professionals and cognitive interviewing to minimize misinterpretation of the questions [ 48], the Chinese translations of the LOS-27 questions have not been formally validated.
Local language was used to avoid the potential bias of misinterpretation of the questions.
Questionnaire data, either from self-report or interview, have limitations such as recall bias, misinterpretation of the questions and degree of willingness to report.
A pretest pilot survey was conducted to revise any misinterpretation of the questions and to identify the bid vector that should be used in the final study.
Moreover, face-to-face interviews were conducted by the same investigator to avoid misinterpretation of the questions and to reduce inter-interviewer bias.
However, there is still some possibility that symptoms in such young children could be due to misinterpretation of the questions used in assessments.
Although usage of a self-completed questionnaire might incur less courtesy bias, its administration would require an effective distribution system and educated respondents to avoid misinterpretation of the questions.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com