Among the most differentially regulated genes with miscellaneous functions and belonging to cluster II, we found uridine-cytidine kinase 2, various genes preventing cell apoptosis such as MCL1.
The nine functional classes defined by Jamet et al. [ 12] were employed: proteins acting on carbohydrates, oxido-reductases, proteins with interaction domains, proteases, structural proteins, proteins involved in signaling, proteins related to lipid metabolism, proteins with miscellaneous functions, and proteins of unknown function.
The NF- κB group of proteins activates genes responsible for defense mechanisms against cellular stress and regulates miscellaneous functions such as inflammation, immune response, apoptosis, and cell proliferation.
These processors are categorized as: Digital Front End, Complex Data SIMD processor, Function accelerator, processor for control signals and miscellaneous functions (Figure 2). Figure 2 LeoCore Architecture [13].
Miscellaneous functions include minimum (MIN) and maximum (MAX).
We identified 3 elements related to redox reactions and 7 elements related to miscellaneous functions, including glutathione S-transferase and peroxidase (Additional file 7: Table S5).
A large proportion of the genes encode proteins with unknown functions (34.5%, 119 genes), miscellaneous functions (17.1%, 59 genes) and proteins acting on carbohydrates (14.8%, 51 genes).
Approximately 17% (81/464) of provisionally identified A. americanum immunogenic tick saliva protein sequences in this study are associated with anti-oxidant, energy metabolism, and other miscellaneous functions enzymes (Table 6).
Based on this categorization, a significant alteration was observed in the expression of several important genes related to metabolic pathways, cell signaling, immune response and other miscellaneous functions (Additional file 4).
Others include enzymes (glutathione transferase, cytochrome oxidase, protein disulfide isomerase), ribosomal proteins, and those of miscellaneous functions (histamine release factor, selenoproteins, tetraspanin, defensin, heat shock proteins).
The provisionally annotated sequences include cross-tick species conserved orphan tick saliva proteins (Table 2), proteases (Table 3), protease inhibitors (Table 4), transporters and/or binding proteins (Table 5), enzymes (Table 6), ribosomal proteins (Table 7), and proteins of miscellaneous functions (Table 8).
