A total of 120 033, 457 477 and 47 355 women with a documented second pregnancy following an IA, live birth and miscarriage, respectively, were identified.
(Support staff, MA) In contrast, some attributes of MVA for miscarriage management were identified by participants as facilitators to implementation: that it was easy to use, would lower patient and health care system costs, or could improve quality and or continuity of care.
Exposure leading to early miscarriage or abortion thus cannot be identified in this study and the actual rate of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as CAs may be underestimated if the women had an induced abortion following a positive prenatal test of CA´s.
However, in most of the women (1% – 2%) who experience recurrent miscarriage, no cause can be identified.
Micronutrient deficiencies associated with malnutrition, such as selenium, copper, zinc and iron have been implicated in miscarriage and selenium deficiency has been identified as a possible cause for RPL in several studies [ 6- 10].
There was a family history of three previous miscarriages for which no cause was identified.
9 Nonetheless, there is probably an under-reporting of early miscarriages since these may not have been identified as pregnancies, and there may be some underreporting of induced abortions and some misreporting of these as miscarriages.
As patients were identified as having a miscarriage upon presentation to the maternity ward and then asked about experiences of IPV in the last 12 months, it is clear that IPV victimisation preceded the miscarriage.
Statistical significance were identified for the variation in the history of pregnancy, abortion, miscarriage, successful delivery, and also for prematurity and birth defects between two provinces.
Thrombophilia included antiphospholipid syndrome has been identified in about 50% of women with recurrent miscarriage.
