The frictional forces generated by each bracket-wire-ligature combination at the different amounts of vertical canine misalignment were tested ten times with new wires and new ligatures for each test.
This includes the mechanical properties of the materials, slight misalignments in test arrangements, failure criteria, weld joints and sloshing effect of ship cargo.
Orientation and position can be design parameters or may result from misalignment of the test specimen on a measurement table.
The aim of this study was to verify whether a misalignment between the testing direction and the trabecular main direction has a significant effect on the compressive behaviour of cancellous bone.
Statistical measures for two groups were performed using the unpaired t-test (histomorphometric analyses, atresia rates, metabolites), two-way ANOVA (DePsipher) or χ test (chromosome misalignments; Figure 6).
Our initial findings for evidence of positive selection using the branch-site model for three genes (accD, rpl20, and rps18) are probably artifacts of alignment difficulties in highly variable regions, highlighting the sensitivity of this test to slight misalignment.
Control of the strabismus was assessed using the revised Newcastle Control Score (NCS) [ 20] which combines an estimate of observed frequency of the strabismus by parents/carers (home control) with an assessment of the child's ability to realign the eyes following a cover test to induce misalignment (clinic control), and is based on previously published recommendations for surgical treatment [ 4].
Tests of jet misalignment showed that moving the jet to the inside or outside edge of the turbine blades caused a drop in Turgo efficiency of 10 20% and reduced the optimal speed ratio by 0.03 (6.5%).
Microstructural analysis and z-pin bridging traction tests revealed that misalignment of z-pins, interfacial cracking around z-pins, porosity within z-pins, and failure mode of z-pins each affect the traction properties, albeit in different ways.
Bracket base design may contribute to the misalignment of load application during testing, making the bonding system prone to failure at the resin and enamel interface under brackets (Arici and Minors, 2002).
