Interventions: Randomized infusions of diltiazem (bolus 0.25 mg/kg followed by a continuous infusion of 1.7 μg/kg/min) (DTZ, n = 12) or placebo (C, n = 12) were started 30 minutes before induction of anesthesia and continued for 24 hours.
Twenty minutes before induction of thrombosis (TI), animals received either a single IV-bolus of AT (250 IU/kg bw; Kybernin HS, CSL Behring, Marburg, Germany; n = 16), or saline (control; n = 16) corresponding to the fluid amount applied in the verum experiments (Fig. 1, Table 1).
To compare SOD3 to clinically approved medication we gave an intra-peritoneal injection of dexamethasone (Oradexon) to animals 30 minutes before induction of peritoneal inflammation.
All patients received midazolam 0.1 mg/kg orally 30 minutes before induction of anaesthesia.
Premedication consisted of oral midazolam 7.5 mg given on the ward 20 to 30 minutes before induction of anesthesia.
All patients were pre-medicated with midazolam 0.1 mg·kg-1 orally 30 minutes before induction of anaesthesia.
Rats were repeatedly exposed to nebulized C1-INH or saline, 30 minutes before induction of pneumonia and every 6 hours thereafter.
The patients in pre-warmed group were warmed 30 minutes before induction with a forced-air warming blanket set at 38°C.
Baseline values were calculated for each animal as the standardized AUC including the measurements from 60 to 10 minutes before induction of anaesthesia.
49 In particular, ψɛ-receptors for activated C kinase, an ɛPKC-selective peptide activator, injected intravenously 30 minutes before induction of global cerebral ischemia conferred neuroprotection in the CA1 region of the rat hippocampus.
All animals were prepared for anesthesia with a 12-hour diet and were administered an intramuscular injection of 10 mg/kg ketamine and 2 mg/kg azaperone, 30 minutes before induction.
