Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigExact(9)
The sum of the segments (S1 and S2) equals the area of the semicircle based on AB minus the area of the triangle.
The living room, minus the area taken up by a stairway, was less than 4 feet deep — were Mr. Cross to stand in it, arms outstretched, he could easily touch both walls.
The shadow area is the enclosure of mobile target nodes with X-axis and Y-axis minus the area of the bottom corner and the circle.
The a priori contribution to the retrieved profile can be estimated by 1 minus the area of the AVKs, the so-called measurement response (MR middle panel).
Graphically, the 'net power' is the area of the distribution of positive instances or the alternative hypothesis, minus the area of the distribution of negative instances or the null hypothesis (Fig. 2).
The red area is the area defined by the alternative hypothesis minus the area defined by the null hypothesis, or, put differently, as the true positive rate (TPR, or 1 − β) minus the false positive rate (FPR, or α or type I error), hence 'net power' = 1 – β − α.
Similar(51)
We used Cumulus software (Canto Software Inc ,San Francisco, CA, USA) for computer-assisted thresholding to measure absolute dense area, absolute nondense area (the total area minus the dense area) and percentage dense area (the dense area divided by the total area).
There are many reasons I feel disgruntled at no longer having Sephora beauty stores in the UK, and chief among them is the loss of the mini bar, the area at the checkout where hundreds of great products appear shrunken in size and price for the purposes of sampling or travelling light (like a luxury version of Superdrug's excellent travel size aisle).
As one specific detail, calculation of replacement cost requires full re-optimisation for the constrained solution: the constrained solution is not simply the optimal solution minus the areas that cannot be had (Cabeza & Moilanen, 2006).
Probing deeper, is it possible that the USS Ward did indeed sink a Japanese mini-sub in the area – which should in itself have acted as a warning for the coming attack?
Other analysts reckon the flow rate may be five or ten times higher, on the basis of video images from mini-submarines and the area and thickness of the slicks at the surface.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com