For each replicate the empirical mean and variance of prediction errors (true minus predicted breeding value) were computed within generation for animals with simulated uncertainty.
For each replicate, the empirical mean and variance of prediction errors (true minus predicted breeding value) were computed within generations, separately for animals with 0, 1 or 2 unknown parents.
In general, one important criterion to evaluate a regression model is its normality, and thus the normality of the residuals, which is the observed yield minus predicted yield based on the regression model, is regarded as a significant criterion in some paper.
Fit residuals may also be plotted using the appropriate command, as measured counts minus predicted counts, and delta chi values as residuals divided by uncertainties.
The plot_fit_delchi and plot_fit_resid commands plot the fit along with the delta chi (residuals divided by uncertainties) and residuals (measured counts minus predicted counts), respectively.
Figure 3b shows essentially the same information, but on a horizontal line, where the vertical axis is now the difference observed minus predicted (the residuals).
