Under solar minimum conditions the interaction between slow and fast solar wind streams is strong, producing long-lasting and stable corotating interaction regions (CIRs) which are efficient accelerators of pickup He+.
In this work, a method based on finding the global minimum of the interaction potential energy of an adsorbed protein has been developed to delineate the preferred orientations for the adsorption of human serum albumin (HSA) on a model surface with a hydrophilic self-assembled monolayer (SAM).
The analysis of three years pooled data showed that maximum shoot dry weight, sugar yield, water use efficiency and benefit cost ratio were recorded in the treatment interaction of ASMDL2 (40%) × G3 (30/90 cm) followed by ASMDL2 (40%) × G2 (75 cm), ASMDL2 (40%) × G1 (60 cm), respectively, whereas minimum in the interaction of ASMDL4 (80%) × G4 (30/120 cm) at both soils.
This result indicates that the presence of a metastable minimum in the interaction potential of BP with a defect (in contrast to DW or BL) is not necessary.
Several modern numerical minimization algorithms [27] [29] were concurrently used to search the "putative" global minimum of the interaction energy.
As expected, for both methods the minimum in the interaction energy occurs at the tetrahedral angle, corresponding to C3 v symmetry and the ammonia lone pair forming a linear extension to XY. LMP2 overestimates the strength of the halogen bond by 1.18 kcal mol−1, but it can be seen that the two interaction energies become much closer as the angle moves away from tetrahedral.
The self-ordering of the particles is explained by elastic interaction between the particles, since the relative positions of the particles coincide with local minima of the interaction energy.
In particular, the depth of local minima in the interaction energy has been predicted to increase with a decrease in the ZOI when the colloid size and/or the Debye length decreased (IS increased).
This configuration produces maxima and minima in the interaction energy, creating a gradient in the interaction energy, Fig. 23A.
A contour map obtained by systematic rotation of a molecule in conjunction with perpendicular motion to the surface gives the minimum interaction energy of the adsorbed molecule at various adsorption orientations.
