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Fig. 9 The MLT variation of the trough minimum position during different seasons.
Figure 9 illustrates the MLT variation in the trough minimum position during the summer, equinox, and winter seasons.
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Fig. 4 The geomagnetic activity variations in the trough depth (upper panel (a)), background TEC (middle panel (b)), and TEC value at the trough minimum position (lower panel (c)) during equinox.
Fig. 3 The trough minimum position versus the daily Kp index during equinox.
The data covered the near-midnight region (2300 0100 MLT). Figure 6 shows the variation in trough minimum position with respect to the F107 index during the summer, equinox, and winter seasons.
The data covered the near-midnight region (2300 0100 MLT). Figure 3 shows a scatter plot of the midnight trough minimum position as a function of the daily Kp index during equinox.
The trough minimum position can be found by analyzing latitudinal profiles of ion density between 40° and 70° magnetic latitude during each storm.
This study statistically analyzed the geomagnetic, solar activity, seasonal, and MLT variations of trough parameters (trough minimum position, trough depth, and trough width and half-width) by using GPS-TEC data collected during 2000 2014.
T M corresponds to the trough minimum position.
However, the trough minimum position depends primarily on geomagnetic activity.
1: Maximum during stance; 2: Minimum during stance; 3: Minimum during 0-10% stance; 4: Minimum during 50-100% stance.
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