We conclude that test sensitivity and specificity must be considered in incentive system design to induce pig producers to control Ma in finishing pigs with minimum negative effects.
All participants experienced trial and error with a combination of drug regimens over time to gain efficacious treatment with minimum negative effects.
And while there are dissenters, as there always are, the great preponderance of the evidence from these natural experiments points to little if any negative effect of minimum wage increases on employment.
The negative effect of minimum wages on training is also supported in studies by Schiller (1994) who analyzes young labor market entrants that receive less training if they are paid the minimum wage and by Neumark and Wascher (2001) who exploit variation of minimum wages across US states.
By examining the effects on several subgroups, our estimates seem to be consistent with their findings we find that, similar to Ni et al. (2011), the current minimum wage has a significantly negative effect on all employees in the East and a one-year lagged positive (though statistically insignificant) effect in the Western region in 2004 2009.
However, in NSW, we showed that the inclusion of state-specific trends only eliminated the evidence of a negative effect of minimum wages under the restrictive specification that these trends are linear, and when one included endpoints of the sample period that included rather strong recessionary periods.
Summarizing the studies earlier this year, Paul Krugman -- the Nobel Prize-winning economist -- declared: "The great preponderance of the evidence... points to little if any negative effect of minimum wage increases on employment".
Paul Krugman, of Princeton University, even said, "And while there are dissenters, as there always are, the great preponderance of the evidence from these natural experiments points to little if any negative effect of minimum wage increases on employment".
Noted economist Paul Krugman wrote this year that: "U.S. experience offers many 'natural experiments' in which one state raises its minimum wage while others do not... the great preponderance of the evidence from these natural experiments points to little if any negative effect of minimum wage increases on employment". .
