Sentence examples for minimum duplication from inspiring English sources

Box plot displaying the distribution of minimum duplication span for young gene duplicates.

The second element of the strategy is a search among candidate species trees, determining the minimum duplication score for each species tree relative to one or more gene trees that are assumed to be known [ 9, 10, 12, 33- 37].

The minimum duplication length to create a junction contig rather that a full-length contig, as well as the length of the junction contigs produced, will depend on both the read and fragment lengths sequenced, and the assembly algorithm and parameters used.

Following our notation in [ 8], a gene tree T is said to be a Minimum Duplication Tree (henceforth called an MD-tree ) if there exists a species tree S such that d(T S) is exactly the number of apparent duplications present in T. In which case, T is said to be MD-consistent with S.

In the first 3-year cycle, all topics covered were relevant and represented core competencies, with minimum topic duplication.

This will make it possible for the various organs of the United Nations to work toward a common end with the minimum of duplication.

However, location of gene copies on separate chromosomes is evident at least in the case of Rubisco in Prorocentrum minimum, suggesting possible duplication at chromosomal level or higher [16].

The Sorghum genus has recently become an important botanical model for Andropogoneae grasses, by virtue of its relatively small and largely-sequenced genome, a minimum of gene duplication thanks to 70 million years of abstinence from polyploidy, and its close relationship to grasses such as maize, sugarcane and Miscanthus that have much more complex genomes [ 1].

The Sorghum genus has recently become an important botanical model for Andropogoneae grasses by virtue of its relatively small and largely sequenced genome, a minimum of gene duplication because of 70 million years of abstinence from polyploidy, and its close relationship to grasses such as maize, sugarcane, and Miscanthus that have much more complex genomes (Paterson et al. 2009).

Based on the inferred phylogenetic relationships among the plant species sampled [ 50, 69- 71], we infer a minimum of nine duplications in the top clade of flowering-plant lineage (see 10A, internal motor-1 and -2) prior to the divergence of monocots from dicots, seven duplications within the dicot lineage, and one duplication within the monocot lineage (see Fig. 10A).

The first piece of possible strategy to infer such relationships was provided by Goodman et al. [ 8], who developed an algorithm for fitting a given species tree and gene tree together to determine the minimum number of duplications necessary to explain the data.