The only difference is the application of the Minimum Distance Decoder (MDD) module, being applied to extract the embedded binary message from the dither modulated, modified orthogonal moments of the incoming (attacked) image.
The resulting data streams detected from (11) are fed into a minimum Euclidean distance decoder, yielding x ̃ M j, i.e., a decoded version of the transmitted symbols.
In 1976, Wyner and Ziv proved that when the side information is only known to the decoder, the minimum required source coding rate will be greater or equal to the rate when the side information is available at both encoder and decoder (see Figure 1).
In the first stage, the arithmetic decoder 3 decodes x ~ T based on the minimum Hamming distance rule with the aid of Q 3 and d T.
For large neuron numbers N and expected peak spike counts f max τ the resolution of asymptotically efficient decoders, like the maximum likelihood decoder, or the minimum mean square estimator, can indeed attain the resolution bound given by the FI (Seung and Sompolinsky, 1993; Bethge et al., 2002; Mathis et al., 2013).
The minimum distance of the lattice decoder is d LD = (1/2)λ, where λ is the length of the shortest vector of lattice Λ.
To find the number of coefficients that contain the hidden data, the decoder determines the minimum such that where is the number of DCT coefficients satisfying the condition.
D should be chosen to be as large as possible while keeping the probability of a bin error at the decoder to a minimum.
Thirdly, sub-optimal decoders, including local optimum decoder (LOD), generalized maximum likelihood (GML) decoder, and linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) decoder, are investigated to reduce the required prior information at the receiver side, and their theoretical decoding performances are derived.
That is, the terminal with the higher bit rate can independently transform code its input with negligible distortion, and the other terminal can then apply WZ-TC at the minimum rate achievable with "almost unquantized" decoder side-information.
