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The attenuation factors α, frequencies f, and minimum damping ratio (xi_{hbox{min} }) of the dominant oscillation modes can be calculated [11, 12, 13].
In addition, the eigenvalue and minimum damping ratio analysis, as well as time domain simulation, were carried out, which also demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed model.
Gains of PI and PID controllers are considered as design variables while the objective functions are Integral Time multiply Absolute Error (ITAE), minimum damping ratio of dominant eigenvalues, and settling times in frequency and tie-line power deviations.
Integral Time multiply Absolute Error ITAEE), minimum damping ratio of dominant eigenvalues and settling times in frequency and tie-line power deviations are considered as multiple objectives and NSGA-II is employed to generate Pareto optimal set.
Other advantages of the methodology are the use of the polytopic model for the power system, which provides robustness (with respect to the operating conditions) to the design process and the use of a regional pole placement criterion as a design objective, allowing the imposition of a minimum damping ratio for all modes of the controlled system.
The damping ratio of the ith eigen value is ξ i and if imaginary part of the ith eigen value is greater than 0.0 than set ξ0 = 0.2 (minimum damping ratio).
Similar(54)
Analytical treatment of the eigenvalue problem has then led to an explicit expression for the minimum structural damping ratio required to prevent galloping for a perfectly tuned two-degree-of-freedom system, which it has been shown can differ significantly from the damping requirement for single-degree-of-freedom motion.
If the mass and stiffness components are both considered, the minimum amount of critical damping ratio and angular-frequency will be given by the Eq. (20) [20].
Open image in new window Fig. 10 Real part of minimum system eigenvalue and corresponding damping ratio with respect to different integral gains and SCRs.
The shaded area in the figure corresponds to negative real part of the minimum eigenvalue and therefore positive damping ratio which indicates stable operation region.
As can be observed, when the rail fastener damping coefficient is six times the nominal rail fastener damping coefficient C RV, the absolute value of the effective damping ratio achieves its minimum value, which suggests that the rail corrugation can be suppressed as largely as possible in this case.
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