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Hydrogen production from direct conversion of levoglucosan represented the minimum capital cost at $3.49 MM but resulted in greater MSP.
The baseline design point is optimized for maximum performance and minimum capital cost based upon the ARIES systems code results, along with physics and engineering analyses.
Based on the minimum capital cost and the minimum operating cost of the system, the Pareto optimum curve is identified on the system-sizing curve.
The performance indexes and operating conditions of three points with the maximum cumulative net electrical efficiency, minimum capital cost, and the same fuel cell area as that of the initial design are compared.
Results show that the best performance is provided by the regenerative subcritical cycle with Ethanol, while the solution with minimum capital cost is the subcritical cycles with Ethanol but without a recuperator.
The total weight target ensures an exchanger of the smallest size with minimum capital cost, whereas the annual cost target yields the optimum pressure drops accounting for the tradeoff between power consumption and heat exchanger weight.
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The resulting MILP problem formulation is now able to find network structures reaching the heat recovery target, under some structural constraints on the network design specified by the user, at near-minimum capital cost.
The skill of the designer of a breakwater lies in achieving the minimum initial capital cost without incurring excessive future commitments for maintenance.
Minimum and maximum capital costs are set at 0.13 and 0.57 USD per visit.
This approach uses a combination of mathematical programming and necessary conditions of optimality to automatically generate the optimal featuring minimum capital and operating costs.
Nine different scenarios for the production of the same capacity of desalted water are presented and compared from the standpoint of minimum water cost, specific capital cost and water recovery.
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