Through examination of the carbonaceous materials, the appropriate analytical processes for sample transportation and handling were optimized to minimize sample damage and terrestrial contamination.
The spring constant was typically 0.08 N/m, and samples were scanned at constant force with a low scan rate (0.6 Hz) in order to reduce noise and minimize sample damage.
The spring constant was typically 0.08 N/m and the samples were scanned at constant force with a low scan rate (0.76 Hz) in order to reduce noise and minimize sample damages.
To minimize the sample damage, AFM imaging was performed in tapping mode, and observations were made with the AFM instrument placed on vibration isolation VT-102 table in order to minimize the effects of vibration.
To minimize sample variation, we used high quality RNA.
To minimize lateral forces between tip and surface and consequently to avoid sample damage, tapping mode was used.
Minimizing the damage soon proved important.
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(c) To minimize radiation damage to the sample, MicroED data sets are collected in low-dose mode, and so far even the strongest low-resolution reflections have been within the linear response range of the detector.
All the samples were run in triplicates in order to minimize the sample to sample variation.
