In the proposed design, the key to minimized interference is to generate the Raman scattering apart from the plasma, which allows for sufficiently long gate width and wide area for Raman detection.
It is not possible to separate errors in the reporting system from true usage, so a cut-off of 1% was used to remove outliers; this minimized interference with the data while removing clear outliers likely resulting from reporting errors (eg, values at multiple times the recommended daily dosage).
In addition, specific binding between c-RGD and αvβ3 integrin minimized interference of intracellular biomolecules on Raman signals of LPAgNPs and allowed c-RGD vibrations to be well dissolved inside endosomes in the live cells, offering an exciting opportunity to investigate ligand receptor interactions in real time at the chemical level.
Taking the abovementioned design criteria into consideration, the ultimate goal of pulse design is to have short pulses with maximal spectral efficiency, optimal time-frequency localization, minimized interference, and best SINR performance for arbitrary channels.
A beam expander obtains the Raman signal with minimized interference from the plasma, and a focusing lens of small diameter generates strong laser induced plasma for LIBS.
Auditory stimuli were presented using KOSS headphones (KOSS Corporation; modified for use with magnetic resonance imaging by the MRC Institute of Hearing Research); stimuli were presented at a comfortable volume that remained constant over participants and that minimized interference from acoustical scanner noise.
*From 0, no interference to 10, maximal interference.
Lastly, the new diagnostic also avoided a cluster of CH4 transitions that coincide with the He Ne wavelength, and hence minimized CH4 interference in other hydrocarbon measurements.
Ah, but four of 10 social media users blocked or minimized content due to politics, according to Pew research.
