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The clue to the existence of unusual bonding is the arrangement of the two sets of chloride ligands: to minimize repulsions between the atoms, each ReCl4 group might be expected to be twisted 45° relative to the next rather than being in the orientation shown.
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In the case of 2, a type-I interaction with θ1 ≈ θ2 ≈ 133° exists as a consequence of close packing that serves to minimize repulsion between adjacent Br atoms.
Like the Br···Br interactions observed in 2, this is a type-I interaction, minimizing electrostatic repulsion between Br atoms, with θ1 = θ2 = 142.6°.
In this geometry, the perylene core of one dication is available to take part in π···π interactions with the perylene core of two neighboring dications which stack in a repetitive ABC manner so that the angle of N N vectors between adjacent dications is approximately 60°, presumably to minimize Coulombic repulsions while maximizing π···π overlaps.
The 4 μ3-OH− groups are arranged on opposing square faces to minimize electrostatic repulsion and yield an apolar SBU.
These condensed counterions exist in the hydrated form in order to minimize the electrostatic repulsions among sulfonic acid groups of Nafion [25, 26].
Minimize the time between generations.
In the absence of cations, these Glu side groups uniformly point towards the periplasm to minimize the unfavorable repulsion (Chakrabarti et al., 2013).
As a result, B-DNA helices are juxtaposed by groove-groove interactions to minimize their electrostatic repulsion [36], [47] (Fig. 2b).
Our findings suggest that synaptotagmin could abolish the repulsions between SNARE and membranes after calcium influx at synapses.
Ca2+/DOPG complexes decrease the electrostatic repulsions between neighbouring DOPG molecules and hence, cause a decrease in the a0 value.
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