Exact(3)
To minimize biological variability in each group, the specimens were carefully matched for age and gender.
Careful study design is essential to minimize biological variability intraclass (e.g., stage of reproduction in a control group), thus maximizing interclass differences (e.g., control vs. exposed groups).
Data acquired for each mouse over the course of the study were normalized with respect to baseline values for each mouse to minimize biological variability between different mice, thus allowing us to assess longitudinal changes between different groups of mice.
Similar(57)
This conservative design minimizes biological variability caused by mouse-to-mouse or culture-to-culture variations and reveals differences due only to dynamic changes in population structure or gene regulation.
For each gene, an independently synthesized probe was hybridized on consecutive serial sections from the same brains over the span of 4 days, which maximizes comparability over time while minimizing other biological variability, including differential hapten incorporation in riboprobes, and batch reagent preparation variability.
Hence, for global comparison, biological and environmental data were averaged by ecoregions for the analysis to minimize small-scale biological variability and to scale up to the coarser resolution of environmental data (see [34] for more details).
To minimize effects of biological variability, proteinuria on Days 1 and 2 was averaged.
To ensure data quality, we minimized non-biological variability in sample batch processing by running samples from each experimental group in each processing batch.
Since we were interested in identifying transcripts differentially expressed due to their direct or indirect involvement in islet morphogenesis, RNA isolated from whole pancreas tissue was pooled (3 5 animals per pool) to minimize differences associated with biological variability among samples.
Further analysis in zebrafish liver revealed 3.7% non-CpG methylation, supporting the idea that globally non-CpG methylation in zebrafish genome is negligible and are concordant with recent WGBS studies on zebrafish., One reason for performing RRBS experiments with four pools of DNA (each containing six individuals) was to minimize the effects of biological variability.
Finally, our study design provided the opportunity to maximize analytic power by minimizing the inter-individual biological variability typically observed in human studies.
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