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minimal fluorescence yield of a "dark-adapted" sample.
The minimal fluorescence yield (F0) was determined using 15 min dark-adapted samples.
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Fm and Fo are defined as the maximal and minimal fluorescence yields of a "dark-adapted" sample when all PSII reaction centers are fully closed or opened, respectively.
The photosynthetic performance of light adapted plants was evaluated by monitoring the effective quantum yield of photosystem II (ΦII) defined as (FM'- F0')/ FM' [ 91], where FM'and F0' represent the maximal and minimal fluorescence emission of photosystem II under light conditions.
XMCD spectra were recorded at 1.5 K in a 6 T superconducting magnet using total electron yield and X-ray fluorescence yield detection.
In contrast, adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine showed only minimal fluorescence quenching effect.
Maximal and minimal fluorescence of the dark-adapted sample (Fo and Fm) as well as dark respiration (R) were then assessed.
The minimal fluorescence.
the current fluorescence yield.
total fluorescence yield.
The variable fluorescence yield, Fv, was determined by Fm Fo.
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