Even though the use of recycled mineral construction materials (RMCM) is regulated and successful application examples are available, construction stakeholders do not yet broadly apply them.
In light of the uncertainties related to the developments of the mineral construction material (MCM) market, this paper presents an expert-based formative scenario analysis (FSA) aiming to elaborate possible future states for the "C&D waste recycling" system in the Canton of Zurich for the year 2020.
This is not surprising, as the major products from minerals are construction and industrial minerals, which are either directly delivered from the mining sector (e.g., sand and stones) or delivered from the sectors producing further processed construction materials, such as cement.
The majority worked in the 'industry, mineral extraction, construction' sector (N = 4), 'services provision' sector (N = 4), 'health and welfare' sector (N = 4), and the 'commercial' sector (N = 3).
For materials, Domestic Material Consumption (DMC) comprises four principal categories: fossil fuels, biomass, construction minerals, and ores/industrial minerals.
Geological aspects of Kullu valley is of vital importance not only to understand structures, rock formations and the evolution of landforms but also to investigate the mineral deposits, constructions of dams, diversion tunnels, harnessing hydro power, developing geothermal power etc (Singh, 1998).
In 2010, China alone accounted for the vast majority of the region's consumption of metals (75%), construction minerals (78%), fossil energy carriers (72%), and industrial minerals (80%).
Mica, asbestos, and tin are also extracted, as are minerals useful in construction.
Professor Edgar Hertwich, the lead author of the report, said: "Animal products cause more damage than [producing] construction minerals such as sand or cement, plastics or metals.
The figures look at the total amount of biomass (crops and livestock fodder, wood and fish), coal, oil and gas, metal and non-metallic minerals such as construction materials used in the UK every year.
