The list of locations is binned with a fixed temporal resolution (Delta t = 15) min as described above.
Thereafter the suspension was vigorously hand shaken for 2 min as described by Abia et al. (2015a).
CT-L proteasome activity was assayed in crude extracts with the hydrolysis of fluorogenic peptide LLVY-AMC at 37°C for 30 min, as described previously [32].
At the end of the hypotensive period, rats were fluid resuscitated over 30 min as described [7], [8].
The reactions were terminated by incubation with Proteinase K and SDS for 30 min as described previously [62].
Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by right MCAOR for 90 min as described previously by our group [20] [23].
Wall-adherent thrombosis was induced applying 6.5% ferric chloride for 3 min as described above and the operation site was closed with a suture.
When one of the rats in the pair failed to step, the treadmill was stopped and the pair stood for 1 min, as described above.
To induce oxidative stress, cells were treated with 0.5 mM arsenic trioxide (catalog number A1010, Sigma, St . Louis MO) for 45 min as described previously [35].
The social behaviors and USVs of the two mice were recorded for 15 min as described for the pup retrieval test.
Penile reflex tests consisted of holding a rat in a supine position in a Plexiglas cylinder for a period of 25 min as described previously [20], [37].
