After binding to the neuron, the particles transduce millisecond pulses of light into heat, which sufficiently altered the membrane capacitance to elicit action potentials.
Here we show that even millisecond pulses of light can induce hyperpolarizations of several millivolts, and therefore may be useful in a variety of contexts for simulating background or well-timed inhibitory synaptic activity.
Called flash photolysis, these experiments used flash lamps to provide short (millisecond to microsecond) pulses of light and were often used to study photolysis (see below Photodissociation).
At the last millisecond, a brilliant pinpoint of light flashed, like the gleam of a diamond ring.
By expressing channelrhodopsins or other opsin genes in individual cell types, the transport of ions and the depolarization of the cell membrane could be precisely controlled on a millisecond timescale by pulses of light illumination.
By design, main features of the device are reproducibility and stability of light flux and millisecond rise time.
In this room, the speed of light is a couple milliseconds for a packet to travel.
Why, because the person in front of you doesn't move within a millisecond of a green light, do you feel that slamming your jarring, piercing horn does anything other than upset everyone else in the vicinity -- particularly those whose right to the quiet enjoyment of their residential premises is being violated?
There is a short beep and a quick flash of light on the left side of a screen, then 58 milliseconds later, a beep is played alone, and 58 milliseconds later, another beep and flash of light on the right side of the screen.
Our ears and auditory cortex can process a signal forty milliseconds faster than our eyes and visual cortex — more than making up for the speed of light.
