The millimeter-wave channel sounder setup is described in Fig. 1.
Based on the Q-D methodology, the millimeter-wave channel model for an open area (open square, university campus, etc).
These observations lead to the conclusion that realistic millimeter-wave channel models can consist of deterministic components, defined by the scenario and random components, representing unpredictable factors or objects that are random or insignificant.
The approach builds on the representation of the millimeter-wave channel impulse response comprised of a few Q-D strong rays (D-rays), a number of relatively weak random rays (R-rays, originating from the static surfaces reflections), and flashing rays (F-rays, originating from moving cars, buses, and other dynamic objects reflections).
In order to communicate between the converter and the VNA, four signals come out from the VNA to each converter, and they are used to measure different mmW frequency bands (note that each converter slightly differs in these frequencies): Fig. 1 Millimeter-wave channel sounder setup 1. Source input (RF, magenta): 12.5 to 18.33 GHz.
Such an approach, called Q-D, was offered for modeling access and backhaul millimeter-wave channels at 60 GHz [9, 15].
That is, less than 10% of resolvable multipath component dominated more than 85% of the whole channel energy, and the sparse characteristics of 60 GHz millimeter-wave channels may become much more remarkable in practice [7].
We may notice that from the 60 GHz millimeter-wave channels that are dramatically different from the narrow-band systems, except for the overall sparsity of channel MPCs that attenuated by following an exponent decay function, the local sparse property introduced by the cluster phenomenon may greatly facilitate the practical designs of efficient reconstruction algorithm [9].
